Design and Microscript Path Antenna for Brain Tumor Detection

Abstract

This paper introduces a compact Iarable rectangular-shaped microstrip patch antenna designed for brain tumor detection in the ISM band (2.4-2.4835 GHz). The antenna measures 60 x 40 mm and employs an FR-4 dielectric substrate (1.6 mm thick) with copper for the patch and ground (0.035 mm thick) To enhance accuracy, a human head phantom model is created with six homogeneous layers representing the head's components: skin, fat, skull, dura, CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid), and the brain. A benign tumor with a 5 mm diameter is simulated in the model. The antenna transmits an input signal into the phantom and records the response. It monitors magnetic field, electric field and return loss for both a normal head model and one with the 5 mm benign tumor, ensuring these parameters meet ISM band safety criteria. In accordance with IEEE safety standards, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) within the brain must not exceed 1.6 W/kg. The designed model achieves a SAR, confirming its safety for human use.