Highly Sensitive Photonic Crystal Fiber Gas Sensor for Toxic Gases Detection in the Terahertz Regime

Abstract

A form of optical fiber known as PCF uses the photonic crystal feature to its advantage. The quantitative effect of guiding characteristics on material properties along wavelength is examined using the finite element method (FEM). By employing the finite element method, Gas sensors made of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) can detect a variety of dangerous chemicals across a broad spectrum of wavelengths. The relative sensitivity, confinement loss, effective area, effective material loss, and dispersion are some of the sensing metrics obtained for various hazardous gases by means of this gas sensor. The hazardous gases we analyzed for our sensor investigation encompass Benzene (C6H6), Methyl Bromide (CH3BR), Tin Chloride (SnCL4), Sulfur Trioxide (SO3), and Vinyl Chloride (C2H3CL). The sensitivity of the proposed PCF for different gases like C6H6, CH3BR, SnCL4, SO3, and C2H3CL at the wavelength of 0.8 THz are 96.899%, 97.256%, 96.573%, 97.072%, and 96.961%. The effective material loss is about 0.009233, 0.015593, 0.00841, 0.016458, 0.01691 cm-1 and at the same wavelength confinement loss are 5.88 × 10−21, 3.36 × 10−17, 6.67 × 10−17, 6.44 × 10−22, and 9.42 × 10−17 dB/cm for C6H6, CH3BR, SO3, SnCL4, and C2H3CL. Due to its high sensitivity and uncomplicated construction, the suggested sensor has the potential to be used in significant ways for detecting biochemical and biological analytes.